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FAR/AIM
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Federal Aviation Regulations
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PART 121—OPERATING REQUIREMENTS: DOMESTIC, FLAG, AND SUPPLEMENTAL OPERATIONS
PART 121—OPERATING REQUIREMENTS: DOMESTIC, FLAG, AND SUPPLEMENTAL OPERATIONS
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Table of Contents
- Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 50-2
- Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 71
- Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97
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Subpart A—General
- § 121.1 Applicability.
- § 121.2 Compliance schedule for operators that transition to part 121; certain new entrant operators.
- § 121.4 Applicability of rules to unauthorized operators.
- § 121.7 Definitions.
- § 121.9 Fraud and falsification.
- § 121.11 Rules applicable to operations in a foreign country.
- § 121.15 Carriage of narcotic drugs, marihuana, and depressant or stimulant drugs or substances.
- Subpart B—Certification Rules for Domestic and Flag Air Carriers [Reserved]
- Subpart C—Certification Rules for Supplemental Air Carriers and Commercial Operators [Reserved]
- Subpart D—Rules Governing All Certificate Holders Under This Part [Reserved]
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Subpart E—Approval of Routes: Domestic and Flag Operations
- § 121.91 Applicability.
- § 121.93 Route requirements: General.
- § 121.95 Route width.
- § 121.97 Airports: Required data.
- § 121.99 Communications facilities—domestic and flag operations.
- § 121.101 Weather reporting facilities.
- § 121.103 En route navigation facilities.
- § 121.105 Servicing and maintenance facilities.
- § 121.106 ETOPS Alternate Airport: Rescue and fire fighting service.
- § 121.107 Dispatch centers.
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Subpart F—Approval of Areas and Routes for Supplemental Operations
- § 121.111 Applicability.
- § 121.113 Area and route requirements: General.
- § 121.115 Route width.
- § 121.117 Airports: Required data.
- § 121.119 Weather reporting facilities.
- § 121.121 En route navigation facilities.
- § 121.122 Communications facilities—supplemental operations.
- § 121.123 Servicing maintenance facilities.
- § 121.125 Flight following system.
- § 121.127 Flight following system; requirements.
- Subpart G—Manual Requirements
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Subpart H—Aircraft Requirements
- § 121.151 Applicability.
- § 121.153 Aircraft requirements: General.
- § 121.155 [Reserved]
- § 121.157 Aircraft certification and equipment requirements.
- § 121.159 Single-engine airplanes prohibited.
- § 121.161 Airplane limitations: Type of route.
- § 121.162 ETOPS Type Design Approval Basis.
- § 121.163 Aircraft proving tests.
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Subpart I—Airplane Performance Operating Limitations
- § 121.171 Applicability.
- § 121.173 General.
- § 121.175 Airplanes: Reciprocating engine-powered: Weight limitations.
- § 121.177 Airplanes: Reciprocating engine-powered: Takeoff limitations.
- § 121.179 Airplanes: Reciprocating engine-powered: En route limitations: All engines operating.
- § 121.181 Airplanes: Reciprocating engine-powered: En route limitations: One engine inoperative.
- § 121.183 Part 25 airplanes with four or more engines: Reciprocating engine powered: En route limitations: Two engines inoperative.
- § 121.185 Airplanes: Reciprocating engine-powered: Landing limitations: Destination airport.
- § 121.187 Airplanes: Reciprocating engine-powered: Landing limitations: Alternate airport.
- § 121.189 Airplanes: Turbine engine powered: Takeoff limitations.
- § 121.191 Airplanes: Turbine engine powered: En route limitations: One engine inoperative.
- § 121.193 Airplanes: Turbine engine powered: En route limitations: Two engines inoperative.
- § 121.195 Airplanes: Turbine engine powered: Landing limitations: Destination airports.
- § 121.197 Airplanes: Turbine engine powered: Landing limitations: Alternate airports.
- § 121.198 Cargo service airplanes: Increased zero fuel and landing weights.
- § 121.199 Nontransport category airplanes: Takeoff limitations.
- § 121.201 Nontransport category airplanes: En route limitations: One engine inoperative.
- § 121.203 Nontransport category airplanes: Landing limitations: Destination airport.
- § 121.205 Nontransport category airplanes: Landing limitations: Alternate airport.
- § 121.207 Provisionally certificated airplanes: Operating limitations.
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Subpart J—Special Airworthiness Requirements
- § 121.211 Applicability.
- § 121.213 [Reserved]
- § 121.215 Cabin interiors.
- § 121.217 Internal doors.
- § 121.219 Ventilation.
- § 121.221 Fire precautions.
- § 121.223 Proof of compliance with § 121.221.
- § 121.225 Propeller deicing fluid.
- § 121.227 Pressure cross-feed arrangements.
- § 121.229 Location of fuel tanks.
- § 121.231 Fuel system lines and fittings.
- § 121.233 Fuel lines and fittings in designated fire zones.
- § 121.235 Fuel valves.
- § 121.237 Oil lines and fittings in designated fire zones.
- § 121.239 Oil valves.
- § 121.241 Oil system drains.
- § 121.243 Engine breather lines.
- § 121.245 Fire walls.
- § 121.247 Fire-wall construction.
- § 121.249 Cowling.
- § 121.251 Engine accessory section diaphragm.
- § 121.253 Powerplant fire protection.
- § 121.255 Flammable fluids.
- § 121.257 Shutoff means.
- § 121.259 Lines and fittings.
- § 121.261 Vent and drain lines.
- § 121.263 Fire-extinguishing systems.
- § 121.265 Fire-extinguishing agents.
- § 121.267 Extinguishing agent container pressure relief.
- § 121.269 Extinguishing agent container compartment temperature.
- § 121.271 Fire-extinguishing system materials.
- § 121.273 Fire-detector systems.
- § 121.275 Fire detectors.
- § 121.277 Protection of other airplane components against fire.
- § 121.279 Control of engine rotation.
- § 121.281 Fuel system independence.
- § 121.283 Induction system ice prevention.
- § 121.285 Carriage of cargo in passenger compartments.
- § 121.287 Carriage of cargo in cargo compartments.
- § 121.289 Landing gear: Aural warning device.
- § 121.291 Demonstration of emergency evacuation procedures.
- § 121.293 Special airworthiness requirements for nontransport category airplanes type certificated after December 31, 1964.
- § 121.295 Location for a suspect device.
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Subpart K—Instrument and Equipment Requirements
- § 121.301 Applicability.
- § 121.303 Airplane instruments and equipment.
- § 121.305 Flight and navigational equipment.
- § 121.306 Portable electronic devices.
- § 121.307 Engine instruments.
- § 121.308 Lavatory fire protection.
- § 121.309 Emergency equipment.
- § 121.310 Additional emergency equipment.
- § 121.311 Seats, safety belts, and shoulder harnesses.
- § 121.312 Materials for compartment interiors.
- § 121.313 Miscellaneous equipment.
- § 121.314 Cargo and baggage compartments.
- § 121.315 Cockpit check procedure.
- § 121.316 Fuel tanks.
- § 121.317 Passenger information requirements, smoking prohibitions, and additional seat belt requirements.
- § 121.318 Public address system.
- § 121.319 Crewmember interphone system.
- § 121.321 Operations in icing.
- § 121.323 Instruments and equipment for operations at night.
- § 121.325 Instruments and equipment for operations under IFR or over-the-top.
- § 121.327 Supplemental oxygen: Reciprocating engine powered airplanes.
- § 121.329 Supplemental oxygen for sustenance: Turbine engine powered airplanes.
- § 121.331 Supplemental oxygen requirements for pressurized cabin airplanes: Reciprocating engine powered airplanes.
- § 121.333 Supplemental oxygen for emergency descent and for first aid; turbine engine powered airplanes with pressurized cabins.
- § 121.335 Equipment standards.
- § 121.337 Protective breathing equipment.
- § 121.339 Emergency equipment for extended over-water operations.
- § 121.340 Emergency flotation means.
- § 121.341 Equipment for operations in icing conditions.
- § 121.342 Pitot heat indication systems.
- § 121.343 Flight data recorders.
- § 121.344 Digital flight data recorders for transport category airplanes.
- § 121.344a Digital flight data recorders for 10-19 seat airplanes.
- § 121.345 Radio equipment.
- § 121.346 Flight data recorders: filtered data.
- § 121.347 Communication and navigation equipment for operations under VFR over routes navigated by pilotage.
- § 121.349 Communication and navigation equipment for operations under VFR over routes not navigated by pilotage or for operations under IFR or over the top.
- § 121.351 Communication and navigation equipment for extended over-water operations and for certain other operations.
- § 121.353 Emergency equipment for operations over uninhabited terrain areas: Flag, supplemental, and certain domestic operations.
- § 121.354 Terrain awareness and warning system.
- § 121.355 Equipment for operations on which specialized means of navigation are used.
- § 121.356 Collision avoidance system.
- § 121.357 Airborne weather radar equipment requirements.
- § 121.358 Low-altitude windshear system equipment requirements.
- § 121.359 Cockpit voice recorders.
- § 121.360 [Reserved]
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Subpart L—Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, and Alterations
- § 121.361 Applicability.
- § 121.363 Responsibility for airworthiness.
- § 121.365 Maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alteration organization.
- § 121.367 Maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alterations programs.
- § 121.368 Contract maintenance.
- § 121.369 Manual requirements.
- §§ 121.370-121.370a [Reserved]
- § 121.371 Required inspection personnel.
- § 121.373 Continuing analysis and surveillance.
- § 121.374 Continuous airworthiness maintenance program (CAMP) for two-engine ETOPS.
- § 121.375 Maintenance and preventive maintenance training program.
- § 121.377 Maintenance and preventive maintenance personnel duty time limitations.
- § 121.378 Certificate requirements.
- § 121.379 Authority to perform and approve maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alterations.
- § 121.380 Maintenance recording requirements.
- § 121.380a Transfer of maintenance records.
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Subpart M—Airman and Crewmember Requirements
- § 121.381 Applicability.
- § 121.383 Airman: Limitations on use of services.
- § 121.385 Composition of flight crew.
- § 121.387 Flight engineer.
- § 121.389 Flight navigator and specialized navigation equipment.
- § 121.391 Flight attendants.
- § 121.392 Personnel identified as flight attendants.
- § 121.393 Crewmember requirements at stops where passengers remain on board.
- § 121.394 Flight attendant requirements during passenger boarding and deplaning.
- § 121.395 Aircraft dispatcher: Domestic and flag operations.
- § 121.397 Emergency and emergency evacuation duties.
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Subpart N—Training Program
- § 121.400 Applicability and terms used.
- § 121.401 Training program: General.
- § 121.402 Training program: Special rules.
- § 121.403 Training program: Curriculum.
- § 121.404 Crew and dispatcher resource management training.
- § 121.405 Training program and revision: Initial and final approval.
- § 121.406 Credit for previous CRM/DRM training.
- § 121.407 Training program: Approval of flight simulation training devices.
- § 121.408 Training equipment other than flight simulation training devices.
- § 121.409 Training courses using flight simulation training devices.
- § 121.410 Airline transport pilot certification training program.
- § 121.411 Qualifications: Check pilots and check flight engineers.
- § 121.412 Qualifications: Flight instructors.
- § 121.413 Initial, transition and recurrent training and checking requirements: Check pilots and check flight engineers.
- § 121.414 Initial, transition and recurrent training and checking requirements: Flight instructors.
- § 121.415 Crewmember and dispatcher training program requirements.
- § 121.417 Crewmember emergency training.
- § 121.418 Differences training and related aircraft differences training.
- § 121.419 Pilots and flight engineers: Initial, transition, conversion and upgrade ground training.
- § 121.420 Pilots: Upgrade ground training.
- § 121.421 Flight attendants: Initial and transition ground training.
- § 121.422 Aircraft dispatchers: Initial and transition ground training.
- § 121.423 Pilots: Extended Envelope Training.
- § 121.424 Pilots: Initial, transition, conversion, and upgrade flight training.
- § 121.425 Flight engineers: Initial and transition flight training.
- § 121.426 Pilots: Upgrade flight training.
- § 121.427 Recurrent training.
- § 121.429 Pilots in command: Leadership and command and mentoring training.
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Subpart O—Crewmember Qualifications
- § 121.431 Applicability.
- § 121.432 General.
- § 121.433 Training required.
- § 121.434 Operating experience, operating cycles, and consolidation of knowledge and skills.
- § 121.435 Pilots: Operations Familiarization.
- § 121.436 Pilot Qualification: Certificates and experience requirements.
- § 121.438 Pilot operating limitations and pairing requirements.
- § 121.439 Pilot qualification: Recent experience.
- § 121.440 Line checks.
- § 121.441 Proficiency checks.
- § 121.443 Pilot in command qualification: Route and airports.
- § 121.445 Pilot in command airport qualification: Special areas and airports.
- § 121.447 [Reserved]
- § 121.453 Flight engineer qualifications.
- §§ 121.455-121.459 [Reserved]
- Subpart P—Aircraft Dispatcher Qualifications and Duty Time
- Subpart Q—Flight Time Limitations and Rest Requirements: Domestic Operations
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Subpart R—Flight Time Limitations: Flag Operations
- § 121.480 Applicability.
- § 121.481 Flight time limitations: One or two pilot crews.
- § 121.483 Flight time limitations: Two pilots and one additional flight crewmember.
- § 121.485 Flight time limitations: Three or more pilots and an additional flight crewmember.
- § 121.487 Flight time limitations: Pilots not regularly assigned.
- § 121.489 Flight time limitations: Other commercial flying.
- § 121.491 Flight time limitations: Deadhead transportation.
- § 121.493 Flight time limitations: Flight engineers and flight navigators.
- § 121.495 Fatigue risk management system.
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Subpart S—Flight Time Limitations: Supplemental Operations
- § 121.500 Applicability.
- § 121.503 Flight time limitations: Pilots: airplanes.
- § 121.505 Flight time limitations: Two pilot crews: airplanes.
- § 121.507 Flight time limitations: Three pilot crews: airplanes.
- § 121.509 Flight time limitations: Four pilot crews: airplanes.
- § 121.511 Flight time limitations: Flight engineers: airplanes.
- § 121.513 Flight time limitations: Overseas and international operations: airplanes.
- § 121.515 Flight time limitations: All airmen: airplanes.
- § 121.517 Flight time limitations: Other commercial flying: airplanes.
- § 121.519 Flight time limitations: Deadhead transportation: airplanes.
- § 121.521 Flight time limitations: Crew of two pilots and one additional airman as required.
- § 121.523 Flight time limitations: Crew of three or more pilots and additional airmen as required.
- § 121.525 Flight time limitations: Pilots serving in more than one kind of flight crew.
- § 121.527 Fatigue risk management system.
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Subpart T—Flight Operations
- § 121.531 Applicability.
- § 121.533 Responsibility for operational control: Domestic operations.
- § 121.535 Responsibility for operational control: Flag operations.
- § 121.537 Responsibility for operational control: Supplemental operations.
- § 121.538 Aircraft security.
- § 121.539 Operations notices.
- § 121.541 Operations schedules: Domestic and flag operations.
- § 121.542 Flight crewmember duties.
- § 121.543 Flight crewmembers at controls.
- § 121.544 Pilot monitoring.
- § 121.545 Manipulation of controls.
- § 121.547 Admission to flight deck.
- § 121.548 Aviation safety inspector's credentials: Admission to pilot's compartment.
- § 121.548a DOD Commercial Air Carrier Evaluator's Credential.
- § 121.549 Flying equipment.
- § 121.550 Secret Service Agents: Admission to flight deck.
- § 121.551 Restriction or suspension of operation: Domestic and flag operations.
- § 121.553 Restriction or suspension of operation: Supplemental operations.
- § 121.555 Compliance with approved routes and limitations: Domestic and flag operations.
- § 121.557 Emergencies: Domestic and flag operations.
- § 121.559 Emergencies: Supplemental operations.
- § 121.561 Reporting potentially hazardous meteorological conditions and irregularities of ground facilities or navigation aids.
- § 121.563 Reporting mechanical irregularities.
- § 121.565 Engine inoperative: Landing; reporting.
- § 121.567 Instrument approach procedures and IFR landing minimums.
- § 121.569 Equipment interchange: Domestic and flag operations.
- § 121.570 Airplane evacuation capability.
- § 121.571 Briefing passengers before takeoff.
- § 121.573 Briefing passengers: Extended overwater operations.
- § 121.574 Oxygen and portable oxygen concentrators for medical use by passengers.
- § 121.575 Alcoholic beverages.
- § 121.576 Retention of items of mass in passenger and crew compartments.
- § 121.577 Stowage of food, beverage, and passenger service equipment during airplane movement on the surface, takeoff, and landing.
- § 121.578 Cabin ozone concentration.
- § 121.579 Minimum altitudes for use of autopilot.
- § 121.580 Prohibition on interference with crewmembers.
- § 121.581 Observer's seat: En route inspections.
- § 121.582 Means to discreetly notify a flightcrew.
- § 121.583 Carriage of persons without compliance with the passenger-carrying requirements of this part.
- § 121.584 Requirement to view the area outside the flightdeck door.
- § 121.585 Exit seating.
- § 121.586 Authority to refuse transportation.
- § 121.587 Closing and locking of flightcrew compartment door.
- § 121.589 Carry-on baggage.
- § 121.590 Use of certificated land airports in the United States.
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Subpart U—Dispatching and Flight Release Rules
- § 121.591 Applicability.
- § 121.593 Dispatching authority: Domestic operations.
- § 121.595 Dispatching authority: Flag operations.
- § 121.597 Flight release authority: Supplemental operations.
- § 121.599 Familiarity with weather conditions.
- § 121.601 Aircraft dispatcher information to pilot in command: Domestic and flag operations.
- § 121.603 Facilities and services: Supplemental operations.
- § 121.605 Airplane equipment.
- § 121.607 Communication and navigation facilities: Domestic and flag operations.
- § 121.609 Communication and navigation facilities: Supplemental operations.
- § 121.611 Dispatch or flight release under VFR.
- § 121.613 Dispatch or flight release under IFR or over the top.
- § 121.615 Dispatch or flight release over water: Flag and supplemental operations.
- § 121.617 Alternate airport for departure.
- § 121.619 Alternate airport for destination: IFR or over-the-top: Domestic operations.
- § 121.621 Alternate airport for destination: Flag operations.
- § 121.623 Alternate airport for destination: IFR or over-the-top: Supplemental operations.
- § 121.624 ETOPS Alternate Airports.
- § 121.625 Alternate Airport weather minima.
- § 121.627 Continuing flight in unsafe conditions.
- § 121.628 Inoperable instruments and equipment.
- § 121.629 Operation in icing conditions.
- § 121.631 Original dispatch or flight release, redispatch or amendment of dispatch or flight release.
- § 121.633 Considering time-limited systems in planning ETOPS alternates.
- § 121.635 Dispatch to and from refueling or provisional airports: Domestic and flag operations.
- § 121.637 Takeoffs from unlisted and alternate airports: Domestic and flag operations.
- § 121.639 Fuel supply: All domestic operations.
- § 121.641 Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes: Flag operations.
- § 121.643 Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes: Supplemental operations.
- § 121.645 Fuel supply: Turbine-engine powered airplanes, other than turbo propeller: Flag and supplemental operations.
- § 121.646 En-route fuel supply: flag and supplemental operations.
- § 121.647 Factors for computing fuel required.
- § 121.649 Takeoff and landing weather minimums: VFR: Domestic operations.
- § 121.651 Takeoff and landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders.
- § 121.652 Landing weather minimums: IFR: All certificate holders.
- § 121.653 [Reserved]
- § 121.655 Applicability of reported weather minimums.
- § 121.657 Flight altitude rules.
- § 121.659 Initial approach altitude: Domestic and supplemental operations.
- § 121.661 Initial approach altitude: Flag operations.
- § 121.663 Responsibility for dispatch release: Domestic and flag operations.
- § 121.665 Load manifest.
- § 121.667 Flight plan: VFR and IFR: Supplemental operations.
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Subpart V—Records and Reports
- § 121.681 Applicability.
- § 121.683 Crewmember and dispatcher record.
- § 121.685 Aircraft record: Domestic and flag operations.
- § 121.687 Dispatch release: Flag and domestic operations.
- § 121.689 Flight release form: Supplemental operations.
- § 121.691 [Reserved]
- § 121.693 Load manifest: All certificate holders.
- § 121.695 Disposition of load manifest, dispatch release, and flight plans: Domestic and flag operations.
- § 121.697 Disposition of load manifest, flight release, and flight plans: Supplemental operations.
- §§ 121.698-121.699 [Reserved]
- § 121.701 Maintenance log: Aircraft.
- § 121.703 Service difficulty reports.
- § 121.705 Mechanical interruption summary report.
- § 121.707 Alteration and repair reports.
- § 121.709 Airworthiness release or aircraft log entry.
- § 121.711 Communication records: Domestic and flag operations.
- § 121.713 Retention of contracts and amendments: Commercial operators who conduct intrastate operations for compensation or hire.
- Subpart W—Crewmember Certificate: International
- Subpart X—Emergency Medical Equipment and Training
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Subpart Y—Advanced Qualification Program
- § 121.901 Purpose and eligibility.
- § 121.903 General requirements for Advanced Qualification Programs.
- § 121.905 Confidential commercial information.
- § 121.907 Definitions.
- § 121.909 Approval of Advanced Qualification Program.
- § 121.911 Indoctrination curriculum.
- § 121.913 Qualification curriculum.
- § 121.915 Continuing qualification curriculum.
- § 121.917 Other requirements.
- § 121.919 Certification.
- § 121.921 Training devices and simulators.
- § 121.923 Approval of training, qualification, or evaluation by a person who provides training by arrangement.
- § 121.925 Recordkeeping requirements.
- Subpart Z—Hazardous Materials Training Program
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Subpart AA—Continued Airworthiness and Safety Improvements
- § 121.1101 Purpose and definition.
- § 121.1103 [Reserved]
- § 121.1105 Aging airplane inspections and records reviews.
- § 121.1107 Repairs assessment for pressurized fuselages.
- § 121.1109 Supplemental inspections.
- § 121.1111 Electrical wiring interconnection systems (EWIS) maintenance program.
- § 121.1113 Fuel tank system maintenance program.
- § 121.1115 Limit of validity.
- § 121.1117 Flammability reduction means.
- § 121.1119 Fuel tank vent explosion protection.
- Subpart BB [Reserved]
- §§ 121.1200-121.1399 [Reserved]
- Subpart CC [Reserved]
- §§ 121.1400-121.1499 [Reserved]
- Subpart DD—Special Federal Aviation Regulations
- Appendix A to Part 121—First Aid Kits and Emergency Medical Kits
- Appendix B to Part 121—Airplane Flight Recorder Specification
- Appendix C to Part 121—C-46 Nontransport Category Airplanes
- Appendix D to Part 121—Criteria for Demonstration of Emergency Evacuation Procedures Under § 121.291
- Appendix E to Part 121—Flight Training Requirements
- Appendix F to Part 121—Proficiency Check Requirements
- Appendix G to Part 121—Doppler Radar and Inertial Navigation System (INS): Request for Evaluation; Equipment and Equipment Installation; Training Program; Equipment Accuracy and Reliability; Evaluation Program
- Appendix H to Part 121—Advanced Simulation
- Appendixes I-J to Part 121 [Reserved]
- Appendix K to Part 121—Performance Requirements for Certain Turbopropeller Powered Airplanes
- Appendix L to Part 121—Type Certification Regulations Made Previously Effective
- Appendix M to Part 121—Airplane Flight Recorder Specifications
- Appendix N to Part 121 [Reserved]
- Appendix O to Part 121—Hazardous Materials Training Requirements For Certificate Holders
- Appendix P to Part 121—Requirements for ETOPS and Polar Operations